Pathophysiology, Free Full-Text

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a complex metabolic disorder associated with multiple microvascular complications leading to nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy. Mounting evidence suggests that red blood cell (RBC) alterations are both a cause and consequence of disturbances related to DM-associated complications. Importantly, a significant proportion of DM patients develop varying degrees of anemia of confounding etiology, leading to increased morbidity. In chronic hyperglycemia, RBCs display morphological, enzymatic, and biophysical changes, which in turn prime them for swift phagocytic clearance from circulation. A multitude of endogenous factors, such as oxidative and dicarbonyl stress, uremic toxins, extracellular hypertonicity, sorbitol accumulation, and deranged nitric oxide metabolism, have been implicated in pathological RBC changes in DM. This review collates clinical laboratory findings of changes in hematology indices in DM patients and discusses recent reports on the putative mechanisms underpinning shortened RBC survival and disturbed cell membrane architecture within the diabetic milieu. Specifically, RBC cell death signaling, RBC metabolism, procoagulant RBC phenotype, RBC-triggered endothelial cell dysfunction, and changes in RBC deformability and aggregation in the context of DM are discussed. Understanding the mechanisms of RBC alterations in DM provides valuable insights into the clinical significance of the crosstalk between RBCs and microangiopathy in DM.

Printable Nursing Student Pathophysiology Template / Disease &

The American Journal of Pathology

PATHOPHYSIOLOGY [classic]

PDF) Pathophysiology-complet

Pathophysiology An Open Access Journal from MDPI

Oral Pathology: A Comprehensive Atlas and Text)] [Author: Sook-Bin Woo] published on (April, 2012): unknown author: : Books

Cureus, Treatment Options That Reduce the Duration of Sickle Cell Vaso-Occlusive Crises: A Systematic Review

Printable Patho Nursing Notes Disease Template Pathophysiology

Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease

Free Radicals and Inhalation Pathology: Respiratory System, Mononuclear Phagocyte System Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Pneumoconioses and other Granulomatoses Cancer

Wide-field computational imaging of pathology slides using lens-free on-chip microscopy