Viruses, Free Full-Text
Por um escritor misterioso
Last updated 08 julho 2024
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Human norovirus is a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis, driven by antigenic variants within the GII.4 genotype. Antibody responses to GII.4 vaccination in adults are shaped by immune memory. How children without extensive immune memory will respond to GII.4 vaccination has not been reported. Here, we characterized the GII.4 neutralizing antibody (nAb) landscape following natural infection using a surrogate assay and antigenic site chimera virus-like particles. We demonstrate that the nAb landscape changes with age and virus exposure. Among sites A, C, and G, nAbs from first infections are focused on sites A and C. As immunity develops with age/exposure, site A is supplemented with antibodies that bridge site A to sites C and G. Cross-site nAbs continue to develop into adulthood, accompanied by an increase in nAb to site G. Continued exposure to GII.4 2012 Sydney correlated with a shift to co-dominance of sites A and G. Furthermore, site G nAbs correlated with the broadening of nAb titer across antigenically divergent variants. These data describe fundamental steps in the development of immunity to GII.4 over a lifetime, and illustrate how the antigenicity of one pandemic variant could influence the pandemic potential of another variant through the redirection of immunodominant epitopes.
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PDF) Impact of impulsive detoxication on the spread of computer virus
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Listen Free to Viruses: A Very Short Introduction by Dorothy H
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Endpoint Detection and Response, Free - What is EDR Security?
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Viruses, Free Full-Text
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Modular approach to customise sample preparation procedures for
Coxsackie B viruses and myalgic encephalomyelitis. - Abstract
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Molecular characterization of a new virus species identified in
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How to get rid of a virus on a Mac: Check for viruses on Mac for
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The Top 10 Worst Computer Viruses in History
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Coronavirus
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Smadav Antivirus 2023 - Official Website
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