Phase back-EMF at rated speed. (a) Back-EMF voltage. (b) Harmonic

Sensorless control of high‐speed BLDC motor using equal area criterion based precise commutation scheme with Fuzzy based phase delay compensation - Soni - 2021 - International Transactions on Electrical Energy Systems - Wiley Online Library

Influences of α on phase back-EMF. (a) Phase back-EMF versus α. (b)

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Back EMF harmonic content of 39/12(PMSM-2) motor around 100 Hz

How to Control Sensorless BLDC Motor Based on Back EMF?

Measured waveforms of u (U = 200 V). : measured rotor position; e , e